1. 下载vscode

2. 安装c++插件

参考：C++ programming with Visual Studio Code

3. 安装llvm，可以使用brew安装

4. 配置llvm到系统环境变量中

5. 编写c++代码

6. 编写CMakeLists.txt文件（前提安装cmake）

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.5)

project(vscode_cmake_debug)

# 设置可执行文件的输出路径
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin)

# 重点
set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Debug")

add_executable(main src/main.cpp)

7. 生成vscode中c++的智能提示文件c_cpp_properties.json

可参考：https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/cpp/config-clang-mac

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Mac",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**"
            ],
            "defines": [],
            "macFrameworkPath": [
                "/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX13.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks"
            ],
            "compilerPath": "/opt/homebrew/opt/llvm/bin/clang",
            "intelliSenseMode": "macos-clang-arm64"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

8. 生成vscode debug文件launch.json

具体可参考：Configure VS Code for Clang/LLVM on macOS

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Debug",
            "type": "lldb",
            "request": "launch",            
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/cmake_debug/bin/main",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ],
            //"preLaunchTask": "C/C++: g++ build active file",
            //"miDebuggerPath": "lldb的路径"
        }
    ]
}

其中部分字段配置可参考：

https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/editor/variables-reference

和Configure launch.json for C/C++ debugging in Visual Studio Code

因为已经采用cmake编译，所以launch中的preLaunchTask可以不用关联task了

参考文件：

c++程序的 cmake编译+vscode来debug 方法和步骤(ubuntu)_cmake 如何debug-CSDN博客